Growing Aronia – black and red aronia in a Swedish climate
Aronia is a beautiful and easy-to-grow berry shrub that suits both beginners and experienced gardeners. It is often planted as an ornamental shrub or hedge, thanks to its glossy green leaves, white flowers, and striking red autumn foliage. The berries of the aronia bush are edible and packed with health benefits – aronia berries are in fact considered a “superberry” due to their very high content of antioxidants and vitamins.
What is aronia?
Aronia is a genus of deciduous shrubs in the rose family (Rosaceae). The most commonly cultivated species is black aronia (Aronia melanocarpa), which produces black berries. Red aronia (Aronia arbutifolia) and chokeberry hybrids (a cross between black and red aronia) also occur. Aronia flowers in May–June with white clusters, develops decorative berries in late summer, and displays beautiful red autumn color.
Edible varieties and look-alikes
All aronia species have edible berries, but it is mainly black aronia and its hybrids (such as ‘Viking’) that are grown for fruit production. Red aronia is more commonly used as an ornamental plant, although its berries can also be used. The berries grow in clusters, unlike for example cotoneaster, which is often used for hedges but has berries with poor flavor. Aronia is completely safe to eat – to ensure edibility, choose named varieties from a reputable nursery.
Location and soil
Aronia thrives in sun to partial shade and is extremely hardy (zones 5–7 depending on variety). It tolerates most soil types but prefers nutrient-rich, humus-amended, moisture-retentive soil. Avoid extreme drought.
Planting
Plant aronia in spring or autumn. Dig a hole about 40–50 cm wide, improve the soil with compost, and plant at the same depth as in the pot. Water thoroughly after planting. Spacing should be 50–100 cm depending on variety and purpose (individual shrub or hedge).
Care
Aronia is very low-maintenance. Water regularly during the first growing season, then only during prolonged dry periods. Fertilize annually with compost or well-rotted manure. Mulch the soil with grass clippings or bark mulch to retain moisture. Aronia is healthy and rarely affected by pests or diseases.
Pruning
Pruning is not strictly necessary but can be done for shaping or rejuvenation. The berries form on the previous year’s shoots, so avoid cutting the entire shrub down if you want a harvest. Prune in spring for structure and remove old branches every 5–10 years.
Pollination
Aronia is self-fertile, meaning you will get berries even from a single plant. Having several shrubs nearby can increase yields. Bees and other pollinators handle the pollination.
Harvest
The berries ripen in August–September. They become sweeter after the first frost. Harvest by hand; the berries can be frozen or dried. Birds may also be interested in the fruit, so cover the shrubs with netting if needed.
Health benefits
Aronia berries are extremely rich in antioxidants (especially anthocyanins), vitamins (C, E, A, B2), iodine, iron, and fiber. They have been studied for potential positive effects on blood sugar, blood pressure, and the immune system. Aronia powder and dried berries are popular in smoothies and dietary supplements.
Summary
Aronia is a robust, decorative, and highly nutritious shrub that can be grown throughout Sweden. Easy to cultivate, high-yielding, beautiful foliage, and many health benefits – perfect for garden enthusiasts who want to combine ornamental value with practical use.
Author: Emma Vogiatzi
Fact-checked by: Erik Hoekstra
Last updated: 2025-11-27